Statistics

A-Level Statistics

Statistics covers data presentation, measures of location and spread, probability, and the binomial and normal distributions, plus hypothesis testing.

What you need to know

  • Mean, median, quartiles, variance and standard deviation
  • Outliers and box plots
  • Binomial and normal distribution calculations
  • Hypothesis testing and the meaning of a p-value

Key concepts

  • A binomial model needs a fixed number of independent trials with constant probability.
  • The null hypothesis is what you assume true until the evidence is strong enough.
  • Correlation does not establish causation.

Common mistakes

  • Comparing the p-value with the wrong tail for a two-tailed test
  • Using n instead of n − 1 where the question specifies a sample
  • Stating a conclusion without referring back to the context

Example question

Find the median of 4, 9, 2, 7, 5.

Show explanation

Ordered: 2, 4, 5, 7, 9. The middle value is 5.

Practise Statistics

5 original questions with worked explanations, mixed across easy, medium and challenging difficulty.

Statistics questions students ask

Do I need the large data set?
Yes. Each board sets contextual questions on its prescribed large data set, so familiarity with its variables and units is expected.